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Liebig condenser. The Liebig condenser (/ ˈ l iː b ɪ ɡ /, LEE-big) [1] or straight condenser is a piece of laboratory equipment, specifically a condenser consisting of a straight glass tube surrounded by a water jacket. In typical laboratory operation, such as distillation, the condenser is clamped to a retort stand in vertical
The Allihn-condenser or bulb condenser is named after Felix Richard Allihn (1854–1915). [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The Allihn-condenser consists of a long glass tube with a water jacket . A series of bulbs on the tube increases the surface area upon which the vapor constituents may condense.
A simple short path vacuum distillation apparatus can be used for bulb-to-bulb distillation. 1: Still pot with stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules 2: Cold finger - Condenser with maximum surface to condense most of the vapour. 3: Cooling water outlet 4: cooling water inlet 5: Vacuum Adapter 6: Receiving Flask.
The principle for distillation is the same as the apparatus on steamships. On ships, steam is generated in one of the ships boilers then condensed, filtered and aerated in the apparatus. On land, the engines would have to be kept running in order to pump the distilled water out of the condenser.
A Likens-Nickerson apparatus with a PTFE stopcock and water-jacket condenser in addition to the cold finger condenser. A round-bottom boiling flask with ground glass joints are affixed to either side of the apparatus with Keck clips. The unusually shaped Likens-Nickerson apparatus uses two boiling flasks.
The condenser coil of a refrigerator. In systems involving heat transfer, a condenser is a heat exchanger used to condense a gaseous substance into a liquid state through cooling. In doing so, the latent heat is released by the substance and transferred to the surrounding environment. Condensers are used for efficient heat rejection in many ...
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Figure 1: Fractional distillation apparatus using a Liebig condenser. Vigreux column in a laboratory setup. A laboratory fractionating column is a piece of glassware used to separate vaporized mixtures of liquid compounds with close volatility.