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[6] [5] Fluconazole is in the azole antifungal family of medication. [5] It is believed to work by affecting the fungal cellular membrane. [5] Fluconazole was patented in 1981 and came into commercial use in 1988. [7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8] Fluconazole is available as a generic medication. [5]
It is a topical solution for the treatment of toenail infections. [2] [3] Systemic treatments may be considered more effective. [1] It is approved for sale over-the-counter in Australia, Brazil, Russia, Germany, and the UK, and is approved for the treatment of toenail fungus by prescription in other countries. It is not approved for the ...
Itraconazole (R51211), invented in 1984, is a triazole fungistatic antifungal agent prescribed to patients with fungal infections. The drug may be given orally or intravenously. Itraconazole has a broader spectrum of activity than fluconazole (but not as broad as voriconazole or posaconazole).
Ketoconazole, sold under the brand name Nizoral, among others, is an antiandrogen, antifungal, and antiglucocorticoid medication used to treat a number of fungal infections. [11] Applied to the skin it is used for fungal skin infections such as tinea, cutaneous candidiasis, pityriasis versicolor, dandruff, and seborrheic dermatitis. [12]
The last group consists of antifungal drugs with a different mechanism of action than the other three classes. These drugs include benzoxaborole antifungals, ciclopirox olamine antifungals, thiocarbamate antifungals and undecylenic alkanolamide antifungals. Topical antifungal drugs may come with side effects such as itching and local irritation.
Schedule 1: Requires a prescription for sale and is provided to the public by a licensed pharmacist. Schedule 2: Does not require a prescription but requires an assessment by a pharmacist prior to sale. These drugs are kept in an area of the pharmacy where there is no public access and may also be referred to as "behind-the-counter" drugs.