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Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), also known as atypical vaginal bleeding (AVB), is vaginal bleeding from the uterus that is abnormally frequent, lasts excessively long, is heavier than normal, or is irregular. [1] [3] The term dysfunctional uterine bleeding was used when no underlying cause was present. [3] Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is ...
Bleeding in excess of this norm in a nonpregnant woman constitutes gynecologic hemorrhage. In addition, early pregnancy bleeding has sometimes been included as gynecologic hemorrhage, namely bleeding from a miscarriage or an ectopic pregnancy, while it actually represents obstetrical bleeding. However, from a practical view, early pregnancy ...
In 1995, the short-term mortality (within 40 days of surgery) was reported at 0.38 cases per 1000 when performed for benign causes. Risks for surgical complications were presence of fibroids, younger age (vascular pelvis with higher bleeding risk and larger uterus), dysfunctional uterine bleeding and parity. [12]
Premenopausal women with hematometra often experience abnormal vaginal bleeding, including dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation) or amenorrhea (lack of menstruation), while postmenopausal women are more likely to be asymptomatic. [3] Due to the accumulation of blood in the uterus, patients may develop low blood pressure or a vasovagal ...
A less common indication for uterine artery embolization is for the treatment of uterine arteriovenous malformations which can be a cause of abnormal uterine bleeding or life-threatening bleeding. Roughly half of women with uterine arteriovenous malformations are born with them while the remaining form following surgical interventions or may be ...
Cross section through the wall of a hysterectomy specimen of a 30-year-old woman who reported chronic pelvic pain and abnormal uterine bleeding. The endometrial surface is at the top of the image, and the serosa is at the bottom. Misplaced endometrial tissue proliferation in the myometrium causes symptoms through different mechanisms. [6]
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in the reproductive years, unrelated to pregnancy, is rarely life-threatening, but is frequently life altering. The symptoms frequently interfere with quality of life and those girls and women affected by chronic AUB spend significant amounts of personal resources on menstrual products and medications.
Where they occur, symptoms include irregular menstrual bleeding, bleeding between menstrual periods, excessively heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), and vaginal bleeding after menopause. [ 3 ] [ 6 ] Bleeding from the blood vessels of the polyp contributes to an increase of blood loss during menstruation and blood "spotting" between ...