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Unique among the ALDH1 isozymes, ALDH1A1 is known to possess esterase activity in biochemical studies, [11] although it is unclear whether this is functionally relevant living tissues. ALDH1A1 is expressed predominantly in metabolic tissues, including the liver, gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, pituitary gland, and adipose tissues. [12]
Aldehyde dehydrogenase is a polymorphic enzyme [3] responsible for the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. [3] There are three different classes of these enzymes in mammals: class 1 (low K m, cytosolic), class 2 (low K m, mitochondrial), and class 3 (high K m, such as those expressed in tumors, stomach, and cornea).
In biochemistry, isozymes (also known as isoenzymes or more generally as multiple forms of enzymes) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction. Isozymes usually have different kinetic parameters (e.g. different K M values), or are regulated differently.
Furthermore, the preceding sequence Gln-Gly-Gln-Cys is conserved in both isozymes for both human and horse, which is consistent with Cys-302 being crucial to catalytic function. [ 2 ] As discovered by site-directed mutagenesis , glutamate -268 is a key component of liver acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and is also critical to catalytic activity.
212647 Ensembl ENSG00000159423 ENSMUSG00000028737 UniProt P30038 Q8CHT0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001161504 NM_003748 NM_170726 NM_001319218 NM_175438 RefSeq (protein) NP_001154976 NP_001306147 NP_003739 NP_733844 NP_780647 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 18.87 – 18.9 Mb Chr 4: 139.35 – 139.38 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase ...
Aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes are NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases that catalyze the oxidation of an aldehyde into the corresponding carboxylic acid while reducing NAD+ or NADP+. ALDH1a3 oxidizes all-trans retinaldehyde into all-trans retinoic acid and thus serves as the final catalytic step in the activation of the retinoid nuclear receptor ...
218 11670 Ensembl ENSG00000108602 ENSMUSG00000019102 UniProt P30838 P47739 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000691 NM_001135167 NM_001135168 NM_001330150 NM_001112725 NM_007436 NM_001331112 RefSeq (protein) NP_000682 NP_001128639 NP_001128640 NP_001317079 NP_001106196 NP_001318041 NP_031462 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 19.74 – 19.75 Mb Chr 11: 61.1 – 61.11 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit ...
Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH18A1 gene. [5] [6] This gene is a member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family and encodes a bifunctional ATP- and NADPH-dependent mitochondrial enzyme with both gamma-glutamyl kinase and gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase activities.
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