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Phrase structure rules as they are commonly employed result in a view of sentence structure that is constituency-based. Thus, grammars that employ phrase structure rules are constituency grammars (= phrase structure grammars), as opposed to dependency grammars, [4] which view sentence structure as dependency-based. What this means is that for ...
In the English language, the Latin adverb sic is used as an adverb, and derivatively as a noun and as a verb. [3] The adverb sic, meaning 'intentionally so written', first appeared in English c. 1856. [4] It is derived from the Latin adverb sīc, which means 'so', 'thus', 'in this manner'. [5]
sic et non: thus and not: More simply, "yes and no". sic gorgiamus allos subjectatos nunc: we gladly feast on those who would subdue us: Mock-Latin motto of The Addams Family. sic infit: so it begins: sic itur ad astra: thus you shall go to the stars: From Virgil, Aeneid book IX, line 641. Possibly the source of the ad astra phrases.
In other words, the whole sentence is not categorized as a noun phrase or a verb phrase, but as a new unit—a sentence—which is an exocentric construction. The rule S → NP VP demonstrates how the combination of these parts creates a new structure that doesn’t directly reflect the properties of its individual components.
Words combine to form phrases. A phrase typically serves the same function as a word from some particular word class. [3] For example, my very good friend Peter is a phrase that can be used in a sentence as if it were a noun, and is therefore called a noun phrase.
A sentence diagram is a pictorial representation of the grammatical structure of a sentence. The term "sentence diagram" is used more when teaching written language, where sentences are diagrammed. The model shows the relations between words and the nature of sentence structure and can be used as a tool to help recognize which potential ...
Latin word order is relatively free. The verb may be found at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence; an adjective may precede or follow its noun (vir bonus or bonus vir both mean 'a good man'); [5] and a genitive may precede or follow its noun ('the enemies' camp' can be both hostium castra and castra hostium; the latter is more common). [6]
The term phrase structure grammar was originally introduced by Noam Chomsky as the term for grammar studied previously by Emil Post and Axel Thue (Post canonical systems). Some authors, however, reserve the term for more restricted grammars in the Chomsky hierarchy : context-sensitive grammars or context-free grammars .