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Logical coupling (or evolutionary coupling or change coupling) analysis exploits the release history of a software system to find change patterns among modules or classes: e.g., entities that are likely to be changed together or sequences of changes (a change in a class A is always followed by a change in a class B).
Strong coupling does not allow this. This is a UML diagram illustrating an example of loose coupling between a dependent class and a set of concrete classes, which provide the required behavior: For comparison, this diagram illustrates the alternative design with strong coupling between the dependent class and a provider:
Here are some examples: Measurement of common mode current vnd Voltage can be done simultaneously without needing to do it in separate measurements. [9] Measurement for both common mode and differential mode current can be done using two single path Line Impedance Stabilization Networks . [ 10 ]
Instability (I): The ratio of efferent coupling (Ce) to total coupling (Ce + Ca) such that I = Ce / (Ce + Ca). This metric is an indicator of the package's resilience to change. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with I=0 indicating a completely stable package and I=1 indicating a completely unstable package.
Crosstalk is usually caused by undesired capacitive, inductive, or conductive coupling from one circuit or channel to another. Where the electric, magnetic, or traveling fields of two electric signals overlap, the electromagnetic interference created causes crosstalk. For example, crosstalk can comprise magnetic fields that induce a smaller ...
Ferrite "flux confinement" cores can confine the magnetic fields, improving coupling and reducing interference to nearby electronics, [77] [79] but they are heavy and bulky so small wireless devices often use air-core coils. Ordinary inductive coupling can only achieve high efficiency when the coils are very close together, usually adjacent.
This is a coupling in the sense that neither particle, taken on its own, can "feel" anything we did. Neither the fact that the other particle follows it in one way or the other, nor the fact that we changed the coupling rule or when we did it. Each particle performs a simple random walk.
A simple negative feedback system is descriptive, for example, of some electronic amplifiers. The feedback is negative if the loop gain AB is negative.. Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by ...