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In cell biology, protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins, or a member of this family.
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by the second messenger diacylglycerol. [6] PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways.
Excessive activation of the polyol pathway increases intracellular and extracellular sorbitol concentrations, increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species, and decreased concentrations of nitric oxide and glutathione. Each of these imbalances can damage cells; in diabetes there are several acting together.
The activation likely works by increasing the affinity of the channel for PIP2. In high concentration PIP2 activates the channel absent G-protein, but G-protein does not activate the channel absent PIP2. GIRK1 to GIRK3 are distributed broadly in the central nervous system, where their distributions overlap.
18750 Ensembl ENSG00000154229 ENSMUSG00000050965 UniProt P17252 P20444 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002737 NM_011101 RefSeq (protein) NP_002728 NP_035231 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 66.3 – 66.81 Mb Chr 11: 107.82 – 108.23 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCA gene. Function Protein kinase C (PKC) is a ...
PLC is responsible for PKC activation, via DAG and Ca 2+, which leads to phosphorylation of CARMA1 molecule, and formation of CBM complex. This complex activates Iκκ kinase, which phosphorylates I-κB, and then allows the translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus and transcription of genes encoding cytokines , for example.
Human PRKCE gene (Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171132) encodes the protein PKCε (Uniprot ID: Q02156), which is 737 amino acids in length with a molecular weight of 83.7 kDa. The PKC family of serine-threonine kinases contains thirteen PKC isoforms, and each isoform can be distinguished by differences in primary structure, gene expression, subcellular localization, and modes of activation. [7]
Rho-associated protein kinase or Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) is a kinase belonging to the AGC (PKA/ PKG/PKC) family of serine-threonine specific protein kinases. It is involved mainly in regulating the shape and movement of cells by acting on the cytoskeleton.