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A Gram stain is performed to show Gram-positive cocci in chains. Then, the organism is cultured on blood agar. The rapid pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (PYR) test is commonly used, wherein a positive reaction confers a presumptive identification of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci if the appearance and clinical context is consistent.
Streptococcus is a genus of gram-positive or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria), in the phylum Bacillota. [2] Cell division in streptococci occurs along a single axis , thus when growing they tend to form pairs or chains, which may appear bent or twisted.
As mentioned, S. agalactiae is a Gram-positive coccus with a tendency to form chains, beta-haemolytic, catalase-negative, and facultative anaerobe (anaerobic organism).GBS grows readily on blood agar plates as microbial colonies surrounded by a narrow zone of β-haemolysis.
Streptococcus agalactiae (also known as group B streptococcus or GBS) is a gram-positive coccus (round bacterium) with a tendency to form chains (as reflected by the genus name Streptococcus). It is a beta-hemolytic, catalase-negative, and facultative anaerobe. [1] [2]
Streptococcus pyogenes is a species of Gram-positive, aerotolerant bacteria in the genus Streptococcus.These bacteria are extracellular, and made up of non-motile and non-sporing cocci (round cells) that tend to link in chains.
Diplococci are pairs of cocci. Examples of gram-negative diplococci are Neisseria spp. and Moraxella catarrhalis. Examples of gram-positive diplococci are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus spp. [10] [11] Presumably, diplococcus has been implicated in encephalitis lethargica. [12] The genus Neisseria belongs to the family Neisseriaceae.
Anaerobic gram-positive cocci such as Peptostreptococcus are the second most frequently recovered anaerobes and account for approximately one quarter of anaerobic isolates found. Most often anaerobic gram-positive cocci are usually recovered mixed in with other anaerobic or aerobic bacteria from various infections at different sites of the ...
Granulicatella adiacens is a fastidious Gram-positive cocci (pairs, chains) and is part of the nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS). [2] [3] [4] Like other constituents of the NVS, it can cause bacteremia and infective endocarditis (IE), with significant morbidity and mortality.