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Foot binding. Foot binding (simplified Chinese: 缠足; traditional Chinese: 纏足; pinyin: chánzú), or footbinding, was the Chinese custom of breaking and tightly binding the feet of young girls to change their shape and size. Feet altered by foot binding were known as lotus feet and the shoes made for them were known as lotus shoes.
During the Song dynasty, foot binding also became popular among the elite, later spreading to other social classes. The earliest known references to bound feet appeared in this period, and evidence from archaeology also indicates that foot binding was practiced among elite women in the thirteenth century.
Manchu platform shoes refers to the traditional high platform shoes worn by Manchu women which appeared in the early Qing dynasty and continued to be worn even in the late Qing dynasty. [1][2] It is a type of Qixie (Chinese: 旗鞋; lit. ' Manchu shoes '), Manchu shoes, [1] which forms part of the Qizhuang, the traditional attire of the Manchu ...
As for the historical development of Chinese patriarchy, women's status was highest in the Tang dynasty, when women played sports (polo) and were generally freer in fashion and conduct. Between the Tang and Song dynasties, a fad for little feet arose, and from the Song dynasty onwards foot binding became more and more common for the elite.
Manchu women did not practice foot binding; [29] [8]: 59 Banner women were also forbidden from adopting foot binding customs [5]: 41 although some Manchu women did transgress this rule. [8]: 341 Manchu shoes for Manchu women include Manchu platform shoes, which were used to emulate the bound feet gait of the Han Chinese. [8]: 341
Black hair that is long, thick and shiny is seen as particularly beautiful among Chinese women. [3][4] Similarly, pale, ivory skin, and a slim body figure have historical implications as being a physical representation of wealth and affluence. More recently, however, tan skin has emerged as the preferred beauty ideal among some younger Chinese ...
The early Qing court also forbid Manchu women from dressing themselves in Han Chinese women's fashion, [4]: 6 which included the wearing of Ming-style clothing with wide sleeves and from foot-binding (in 1638 by Hong Taiji for the Manchu women, in 1645 by Emperor Shunzhi and in 1662 and 1664 for both Han Chinese and Manchu; the ban on foot ...
Qiu Jin was known as an eloquent orator [17] who spoke out for women's rights, such as the freedom to marry, freedom of education, and abolishment of the practice of foot binding. In 1906 she founded China Women's News (Zhongguo nü bao), a radical women's journal with another female poet, Xu Zihua in Shanghai. [18]