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2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine (DOC) is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. It was presumably first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin , and was described in his book PiHKAL ( Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved ).
In mathematics, the direct method in the calculus of variations is a general method for constructing a proof of the existence of a minimizer for a given functional, [1] introduced by Stanisław Zaremba and David Hilbert around 1900. The method relies on methods of functional analysis and topology. As well as being used to prove the existence of ...
In linguistics, a minimizer is a word or phrase that denotes a very small quantity which is used to reinforce negation. For example, ...
MINUIT, now MINUIT2, is a numerical minimization software library developed at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). It provides several algorithms that search for parameter values that minimize a user-defined function, and compute confidence intervals for the parameters by scanning the function near the minimum.
that is, finding and a global minimizer in ; where is a (not necessarily convex) compact set defined by inequalities (), =, …,. Global optimization is distinguished from local optimization by its focus on finding the minimum or maximum over the given set, as opposed to finding local minima or maxima.
The heuristic method may not produce the theoretically optimum solution, but if useful, will provide most of the optimization desired with a minimum of effort. An example of a computer system that uses heuristic methods for logic optimization is the Espresso heuristic logic minimizer.
The ESPRESSO logic minimizer is a computer program using heuristic and specific algorithms for efficiently reducing the complexity of digital logic gate circuits. [1] ESPRESSO-I was originally developed at IBM by Robert K. Brayton et al. in 1982. [2] [3] and improved as ESPRESSO-II in 1984.
Docusate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS). [2] [3] [4]Salts of this anion, especially docusate sodium, are widely used in medicine as an emollient laxative and as stool softeners, by mouth or rectally. [1]