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A regular expression (shortened as regex or regexp), [1] sometimes referred to as rational expression, [2] [3] is a sequence of characters that specifies a match pattern in text. Usually such patterns are used by string-searching algorithms for "find" or "find and replace" operations on strings , or for input validation .
Python has two major implementations, the built in re and the regex library. Ruby: ruby-doc.org: GNU Library General Public License: Ruby 1.8, Ruby 1.9, and Ruby 2.0 and later versions use different engines; Ruby 1.9 integrates Oniguruma, Ruby 2.0 and later integrate Onigmo, a fork from Oniguruma. Rust: docs.rs: MIT License
Regular languages are a category of languages (sometimes termed Chomsky Type 3) which can be matched by a state machine (more specifically, by a deterministic finite automaton or a nondeterministic finite automaton) constructed from a regular expression. In particular, a regular language can match constructs like "A follows B", "Either A or B ...
String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).. Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.
Besides the built-in RE/flex POSIX regex pattern matcher, RE/flex also supports PCRE2, Boost.Regex and std::regex pattern matching libraries. PCRE2 and Boost.Regex offer a richer regular expression pattern syntax with Perl pattern matching semantics, but are slower due to their intrinsic NFA-based matching algorithm.
A parsing expression is a kind of pattern that each string may either match or not match.In case of a match, there is a unique prefix of the string (which may be the whole string, the empty string, or something in between) which has been consumed by the parsing expression; this prefix is what one would usually think of as having matched the expression.
For example, in Python, raw strings are preceded by an r or R – compare 'C:\\Windows' with r'C:\Windows' (though, a Python raw string cannot end in an odd number of backslashes). Python 2 also distinguishes two types of strings: 8-bit ASCII ("bytes") strings (the default), explicitly indicated with a b or B prefix, and Unicode strings ...
In computer science, Thompson's construction algorithm, also called the McNaughton–Yamada–Thompson algorithm, [1] is a method of transforming a regular expression into an equivalent nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA). [2] This NFA can be used to match strings against the regular expression.