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Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spreading from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; [1] the term is typically used when referring to metastasis by a cancerous tumor. [2] The newly pathological sites, then, are metastases (mets).
Cancer cells are cells that divide continually, forming solid tumors or flooding the blood or lymph with abnormal cells.Cell division is a normal process used by the body for growth and repair.
Lymph node metastasis is the spread of cancer cells into a lymph node.. Lymph node metastasis is different from malignant lymphoma.Lymphoma is a cancer of lymph node, rather than cancer in the lymph node, because lymphoma originates from the lymph node itself, instead of originating elsewhere (e.g., the breast or colon) and spreading to the lymph nodes.
CNS metastasis is the spread and proliferation of cancer cells from their original tumour to form secondary tumours in portions of the central nervous system. [ 1 ] The process of tumour cells invading distant tissue is complex and obscure, but modern technology has permitted an enhanced detection of metastasis .
Metastases can occur several years after the primary breast cancer, although it is sometimes diagnosed at the same time as the primary breast cancer or, rarely, before the primary breast cancer has been diagnosed. [2] Metastatic breast cancer cells frequently differ from the preceding primary breast cancer in properties such as receptor status.
The term benign in more general medical use characterizes a condition or growth that is not cancerous, i.e. does not spread to other parts of the body or invade nearby tissue. Sometimes the term is used to suggest that a condition is not dangerous or serious. [4] Malignancy in cancers is characterized by anaplasia, invasiveness, and metastasis. [5]
Metastasis is the most common cause of brain cancer, as primary tumors that originate in the brain are less common. [4] The most common sites of primary cancer which metastasize to the brain are lung, breast, colon, kidney, and skin cancer. Brain metastases can occur months or even years after the original or primary cancer is treated.
Overview of signal transduction pathways involved in apoptosis. Cell death is the event of a biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions. This may be the result of the natural process of old cells dying and being replaced by new ones, as in programmed cell death, or may result from factors such as diseases, localized injury, or the death of the organism of which the cells are part.