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Diagram showing the parts of the pharynx. Date: 30 July 2014 (released by CRUK) Source: Original email from CRUK: Author: Cancer Research UK: Permission (Reusing this file) This image has been released as part of an open knowledge project by Cancer Research UK. If re-used, attribute to Cancer Research UK / Wikimedia Commons
The pharynx (pl.: pharynges) is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the esophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs respectively). It is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though its structure varies across species. The pharynx carries food to the esophagus and air to the larynx.
In vertebrate anatomy, the throat is the front part of the neck, internally positioned in front of the vertebrae. It contains the pharynx and larynx . An important section of it is the epiglottis , separating the esophagus from the trachea (windpipe), preventing food and drinks being inhaled into the lungs .
Adult and pediatric airway anatomy The respiratory tract can also be divided into a conducting zone and a respiratory zone , based on the distinction of transporting gases or exchanging them. The conducting zone includes structures outside of the lungs – the nose , pharynx , larynx , and trachea , and structures inside the lungs – the ...
The rudiment of the respiratory organs appears as a median longitudinal groove in the ventral wall of the pharynx. The groove deepens, and its lips fuse to form a septum, which grows from below upward and converts the groove into a tube, the laryngotracheal tube. The cephalic end opens into the pharynx through a slit-like aperture formed by the ...
The vocal tract is the cavity in human bodies and in animals where the sound produced at the sound source (larynx in mammals; syrinx in birds) is filtered.. In birds, it consists of the trachea, the syrinx, the oral cavity, the upper part of the esophagus, and the beak.
The pharyngeal muscles are a group of muscles that form the pharynx, which is posterior to the oral cavity, determining the shape of its lumen, and affecting its sound properties as the primary resonating cavity. The pharyngeal muscles (involuntary skeletal) push food into the esophagus.
As soon as a bolus of food is received in the pharynx, elevator muscles relax, and the pharynx descends. The inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle, along with the other constrictors, contract upon the bolus, and convey it downward into the esophagus. [4] [7] During swallowing, they contract and cause peristalsis in the pharynx. [4]