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A phase response curve (PRC) illustrates the transient change (phase response) in the cycle period of an oscillation induced by a perturbation as a function of the phase at which it is received. PRCs are used in various fields; examples of biological oscillations are the heartbeat, circadian rhythms , and the regular, repetitive firing observed ...
A phase-shift oscillator is a linear electronic oscillator circuit that produces a sine wave output. It consists of an inverting amplifier element such as a transistor or op amp with its output fed back to its input through a phase-shift network consisting of resistors and capacitors in a ladder network .
Phase resetting in neurons is a behavior observed in different biological oscillators and plays a role in creating neural synchronization as well as different processes within the body. Phase resetting in neurons is when the dynamical behavior of an oscillation is shifted. This occurs when a stimulus perturbs the phase within an oscillatory ...
Conversely, a phase reversal or phase inversion implies a 180-degree phase shift. [ 2 ] When the phase difference φ ( t ) {\displaystyle \varphi (t)} is a quarter of turn (a right angle, +90° = π/2 or −90° = 270° = −π/2 = 3π/2 ), sinusoidal signals are sometimes said to be in quadrature , e.g., in-phase and quadrature components of a ...
The phasic mode is when there is limited interaction with the environment to "reset" the clock every day by the amount equal to the "error", which is the difference between the environmental cycle and the organism's circadian rhythm. Exposure to certain environmental stimuli will cause a phase shift, an abrupt change in the timing of the rhythm.
Phase portrait of damped oscillator, with increasing damping strength. All real-world oscillator systems are thermodynamically irreversible. This means there are dissipative processes such as friction or electrical resistance which continually convert some of the energy stored in the oscillator into heat in the environment. This is called damping.
The phase diagrams are shown in Figure 5. Tracking the x-intercepts in the phase diagram as r changes, there are two fixed point trajectories which intersect at the origin; this is the bifurcation point (intuitively, when the number of x-intercepts in the phase portrait changes). The left fixed point is always unstable, and the right one stable.
Due to the oscillator's periodicity, this phase shift will be the same from cycle to cycle if the oscillator is injection-locked. Moreover, due to the oscillator's autonomy, each phase shift persists indefinitely. Combining these two effects produces a fixed phase shift per oscillation cycle, which results in a constant frequency shift over time.