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A super-cardioid microphone is similar to a hyper-cardioid, except there is more front pickup and less rear pickup. It is produced with about a 5:3 ratio, with nulls at 126.9°. This ratio maximizes the front-back ratio; the energy ratio between front and rear radiation. [50] [51] The sub-cardioid microphone has no null points. It is produced ...
PZM is a trademarked by Crown. Crown's trademark on this approach is "Phase Coherent Cardioid" or "PCC," but there are other makers who employ this technique as well. Radio Shack and Tandy also use the PZM term for their particular design of a boundary mic, in which the condenser capsule was positioned slightly higher than the base plate. One ...
A cardioid can also be defined as the set of points of reflections of a fixed point on a circle through all tangents to the circle. [2] Cardioid generated by a rolling circle on a circle with the same radius. The name was coined by Giovanni Salvemini in 1741 [3] but the cardioid had been the subject of study decades beforehand. [4]
Electret materials have been known since the 1920s and were proposed as condenser microphone elements several times, but they were considered impractical until the foil electret type was invented at Bell Laboratories in 1961 by Gerhard Sessler and James West, using a thin metallized Teflon foil.
A condenser (right) and its respective diaphragm (left) A condenser is an optical lens that renders a divergent light beam from a point light source into a parallel or converging beam to illuminate an object to be imaged. Condensers are an essential part of any imaging device, such as microscopes, enlargers, slide projectors, and telescopes.
Cardioid mics are widely used in live sound, because their "apple-shaped" pickup pattern rejects sounds from the sides and rear of the mic, making it more resistant to unwanted feedback "howls". Many types of input transducers can be found in a sound reinforcement system, with microphones being the most commonly used input device.