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Example (inch, fine): For 7 ⁄ 16-20 (same diameter as the previous example, but this time with 20 threads per inch, which is considered fine), 0.437 in × 0.90 = 0.393 in (i.e., if the threads are to be fine, then a slightly larger diameter drill bit should be used before tapping the hole for the screw).
where is the tap drill size, is the major diameter of the tap (e.g., 10 mm for a M10×1.5 tap), and pitch is the pitch of the thread (1.5 mm in the case of a standard M10 tap) and so the correct drill size is 8.5 mm. This works for both fine and coarse pitches, and also produces an approximate 75% thread.
A counterbore hole is typically used when a fastener, such as a socket head cap screw or fillister head screw, is required to sit flush with or below the level of a workpiece's surface. Whereas a counterbore is a flat-bottomed enlargement of a smaller coaxial hole, a countersink is a conical enlargement of such.
Hole types in engineering: blind (left), through (middle), interrupted (right). In engineering, machining, and tooling, a hole may be a blind hole or a through hole (also called a thru-hole or clearance hole). A blind hole is a hole that is reamed, drilled, or milled to a specified depth without breaking through to the other side of the ...
A pilot hole may be drilled the full extent of the final hole, or may only be a portion of the final depth. The pilot drill may be a standard twist drill, another type of drill bit appropriate for the material, or, when the primary purpose is precisely locating a hole, may be made with a short, stiff center drill.
This means that the smallest acceptable hole diameter will be 10.02 mm while the largest acceptable shaft diameter will be 10.01 mm, leaving an "allowance" of 0.01 mm. The minimum clearance between the hole and the shaft will then be 0.01 mm. This will occur when both the shaft and the hole are at maximum material condition.
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So a 1 / 2 in (12.7 mm) diameter drill will be able to drill a hole 4 + 1 / 2 in (114.3 mm) deep, since it is 9 times the diameter in length. A 1 / 8 in (3.175 mm) diameter drill can drill a hole 1 + 5 / 8 in (41.275 mm) deep, since it is 13 times the diameter in flute length. [3]