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Examples include: [17] [18] Lang and Witbrock (1988) [19] trained a fully connected feedforward network where each layer skip-connects to all subsequent layers, like the later DenseNet (2016). In this work, the residual connection was the form x ↦ F ( x ) + P ( x ) {\displaystyle x\mapsto F(x)+P(x)} , where P {\displaystyle P} is a randomly ...
Example of a naïve roofline plot where two kernels are reported. The first (vertical dashed red line) has an arithmetic intensity O 1 {\displaystyle O_{1}} that is underneath the peak bandwidth ceiling (diagonal solid black line), and is then memory-bound .
The torch.class(classname, parentclass) function can be used to create object factories . When the constructor is called, torch initializes and sets a Lua table with the user-defined metatable , which makes the table an object .
Here some test functions are presented with the aim of giving an idea about the different situations that optimization algorithms have to face when coping with these kinds of problems. In the first part, some objective functions for single-objective optimization cases are presented.
Oriented Line Integral Convolution (OLIC) solves this issue by using a ramp-like asymmetric kernel and a low-density noise texture. [8] The kernel asymmetrically modulates the intensity along the streamline, producing a trace that encodes orientation; the low-density of the noise texture prevents smeared traces from overlapping, aiding readability.
Figures 2-5 further illustrate construction of Bode plots. This example with both a pole and a zero shows how to use superposition. To begin, the components are presented separately. Figure 2 shows the Bode magnitude plot for a zero and a low-pass pole, and compares the two with the Bode straight line plots.
The function T(h, a) gives the probability of the event (X > h and 0 < Y < aX) where X and Y are independent standard normal random variables. This function can be used to calculate bivariate normal distribution probabilities [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and, from there, in the calculation of multivariate normal distribution probabilities. [ 4 ]
Arrhenius plots are often used to analyze the effect of temperature on the rates of chemical reactions. For a single rate-limited thermally activated process, an Arrhenius plot gives a straight line, from which the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor can both be determined.