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Possible side effects include gastrointestinal problems, for example nausea and constipation.If very high doses are taken, signs of hypercalcaemia (abnormally high blood calcium levels) have been described, such as stomach pain, vomiting, thirst, and tiredness.
Vitamin D compounds, specifically cholecalciferol (D3) and ergocalciferol (D2), are used in rodenticides due to their ability to induce hypercalcemia, a condition characterized by elevated calcium levels in the blood. This overdose leads to organ failure and is pharmacologically similar to vitamin D's toxic effects in humans.
Cholecalciferol is a form of vitamin D which is naturally synthesized in skin and functions as a pro-hormone, being converted to calcitriol.This is important for maintaining calcium levels and promoting bone health and development. [4]
A recent review of more than 80 separate studies on the effects of vitamin and mineral supplements in healthy adults, meanwhile, concluded that they were associated with little or no benefit when ...
Vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially by exposing 7-dehydrocholesterol to UVB and UVC light, followed by purification. The 7-dehydrocholesterol is sourced as an extraction from lanolin, a waxy skin secretion in sheep's wool. [198] Vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol) is produced in a similar way using ergosterol from yeast as a ...
These modified vitamin D analogues have a side chain or other modifications. They aim to reduce the classical renal and intestinal effects of calcitriol on calcium and phosphate homeostasis, from its effects on other biologic processes. [5]
effective in hypercalcemia due to malignancy with elevated vitamin D levels (many types of malignancies raise the vitamin D level). [22] also effective in hypervitaminosis D and sarcoidosis; dialysis usually used in severe hypercalcaemia complicated by kidney failure. Supplemental phosphate should be monitored and added if necessary
These two forms of vitamin D are metabolized in the liver and stored as 25-hydroxyvitamin D. [4] Before biological use, the storage form must be converted into an active form. One common active form is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. [4] The term vitamin D in this article means cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and the active forms ...