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The word lava comes from Italian and is probably derived from the Latin word labes, which means a fall or slide. [2] [3] An early use of the word in connection with extrusion of magma from below the surface is found in a short account of the 1737 eruption of Vesuvius, written by Francesco Serao, who described "a flow of fiery lava" as an analogy to the flow of water and mud down the flanks of ...
A solidified lava pond that consists of a massive gray basalt with weakly developed columnar jointing occupies the crater of Vulcan. Radial, sinuous lava tubes 8 to 20 inches (200 to 510 mm) across and 300 feet (91 m) long are preserved on the northeast and northwest flanks of Vulcan. [2] [3]
A lava spine (or lava spire) is a vertical growth of solid lava that is forced from a volcanic vent. A lava spine can either be formed by viscous lava slowly being pushed out of the vent, or by magma that has solidified within the vent before being pushed out.
Pele's tears (closest Hawaiian translation: "nā waimaka o Pele") are small pieces of solidified lava drops formed when airborne particles of molten material fuse into tearlike drops of volcanic glass. Pele's tears are jet black in color and are often found on one end of a strand of Pele's hair.
As the lava flowed across the wet sod, the water of the marsh started to boil, the vapour rising through the lava forming lava pillars from drainpipe size up to several meters in diameter. [4] As the lava continued flowing towards lower ground in the Mývatn area, the top crust collapsed, but the hollow pillars of solidified lava remained. The ...
The field was active from 190,000 to 155,000 years ago [2] and includes lava flows, cinder cones, and spatter cones. [1] The oldest lava flows cover about 23 square miles (60 km 2). The cones are aligned and possibly formed above two roughly north-south trending fissures. [3] Vulcan (also called J Volcano) is the highest feature. Its base is ...
Voyager 1 observation of Loki Patera and nearby lava flows and volcanic pits. Loki Patera on moon Io (artist's concept; 0:18). [1] Map of temperature and crust age of Loki Patera obtained by the Large Binocular Telescope. Loki Patera / ˈ l oʊ k i ˈ p æ t ə r ə / is the largest volcanic depression on Jupiter's moon Io, 202 kilometres (126 ...
A notable geological feature is the solidified lava bubbles, which the locals have named "basalt yurts". [4] < [2] Around 8,000 years ago during the Holocene, the Khorgo cinder cone erupted, with lava flooding the valley below, forming a lava dam which created the Terkhiin Tsagaan lake. [3]