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As women play a prominent role in much Athenian literature, it initially seems as though there is a great deal of evidence for the lives and experiences of Athenian women. [5] However, the surviving literary evidence is written solely by men: ancient historians have no direct access to the beliefs and experiences of Classical Athenian women. [ 5 ]
Euripides (c. 480 – c. 406 BC) is one of the authors of classical Greece who took a particular interest in the condition of women within the Greek world. In a predominantly patriarchal society, he undertook, through his works, to explore and sometimes challenge the injustices faced by women and certain social or moral norms concerning them.
A depiction of in the women's quarters of a house, on a classical Greek vase. The photo is focused on a seated woman who is relaxed while fingering a "barbiton" (a stringed instrument). Little surviving art depicts women in ancient Greek society. The majority of sources come from pottery found which displayed the everyday lives of citizens.
Scholars have noted its importance in revolutionizing our understanding of ancient women and providing new theoretical frameworks for analyzing them, [1] [2] such as gender archaeology. Archaeological projects regularly uncover surprising information about ancient women on subjects as varied as motherhood [3] to the historical inspiration for ...
Aristotle gave equal weight to women's happiness as he did to men's, commenting in Rhetoric that a society cannot be happy unless women are happy too. [1] Aristotle believed that in nature a common good came of the rule of a superior being; he states in Politics that "By nature the female has been distinguished from the slave. For nature makes ...
In ancient Sparta, cults for women reflected Spartan society's emphasis on the women's roles as child-bearers and raisers. Consequently, cults focused on fertility, women's health, and beauty. [ 57 ] The cult of Eileithyia , the goddess of childbirth, was an important cult for Spartan women. [ 57 ]
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From the mid-1850s women's higher education facilities began offering separate courses for women and in the 1870s several European countries opened university curricula to women. [7] Though women were accepted into the study of archaeology, they were rarely considered equals and often were not admitted to prestigious societies, [ 8 ] or allowed ...