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Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis often entails a physical examination, assessment of symptoms and the patient's medical history, but may also involve medical imaging and blood tests. [1] Persistent knee pain, limited morning stiffness and reduced function, crepitus , restricted movement, and bony enlargement appear to be the most useful ...
Chondromalacia patellae (also known as CMP) is an inflammation of the underside of the patella and softening of the cartilage.. The cartilage under the kneecap is a natural shock absorber, and overuse, injury, and many other factors can cause increased deterioration and breakdown of the cartilage.
Knee osteoarthritis was the most prevalent type of osteoarthritis, followed by hand osteoarthritis. In 2019, osteoarthritis was the 20th most common cause of years lived with disability (YLDs) in India, accounting for 1.48% of all YLDs, which increased from 1.25% and 23rd most common cause in 1990.
Post-traumatic osteoarthritis is the most common variation of post-traumatic arthritis. [3] Between 20 and 50% [ 4 ] of all osteoarthritis cases are preceded by post-traumatic arthritis. Patients having post-traumatic osteoarthritis are usually younger than osteoarthritis patients without any previous physical injuries.
X-ray of the knee of a 12-year-old male, showing knee effusion of medium severity, marked by black arrows. It displaces the patella anteriorly and extends into the suprapatellar bursa. An X-ray is useful to verify that there is no break or dislocation when there is a history of trauma. May show signs of osteoarthritis.
On the other hand, with osteoarthritis, the pain tends to initially be related to activity and then becomes more constant over time. [59] Osteoarthritis in the left hand index finger of a 63-year-old woman. Important features to look out for include the following: Rate of onset of symptoms, Pattern of joint involvement, Symmetry of symptoms,
Medications like Ozempic and Wegovy, which are used to treat type 2 diabetes and boost weight loss, may also help reduce knee osteoarthritis-related pain in people with obesity, a trial finds.
The diagnosis is generally based on the symptoms and examination. [3] If pushing the kneecap into the femur increases the pain, the diagnosis is more likely. [1] [3] Treatment typically involves rest and rehabilitation with a physical therapist. [6] Runners may need to switch to activities such as cycling or swimming. [3] Insoles may help some ...