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The energy required to accelerate a 1 kg mass at 1 m/s 2 through a distance of 1 m. The kinetic energy of a 2 kg mass travelling at 1 m/s, or a 1 kg mass travelling at 1.41 m/s. The energy required to lift an apple up 1 m, assuming the apple has a mass of 101.97 g. The heat required to raise the temperature of 0.239 g of water from 0 °C to 1 ...
Specific energy is an intensive property, whereas energy and mass are extensive properties. The SI unit for specific energy is the joule per kilogram (J/kg). Other units still in use worldwide in some contexts are the kilocalorie per gram (Cal/g or kcal/g), mostly in food-related topics, and watt-hours per kilogram (W
The calorie is defined as the amount of thermal energy necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 Celsius degree, from a temperature of 14.5 °C, at a pressure of 1 atm. For thermochemistry a calorie of 4.184 J is used, but other calories have also been defined, such as the International Steam Table calorie of 4.1868 J.
Since an increment of temperature of one degree Celsius is the same as an increment of one kelvin, that is the same as joule per degree Celsius per kilogram: J/(kg⋅°C). Sometimes the gram is used instead of kilogram for the unit of mass: 1 J⋅g −1 ⋅K −1 = 1000 J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1.
1×10 59 J: Total mass–energy of our galaxy, the Milky Way, including dark matter and dark energy [342] [343] 1.4×10 59 J Mass-energy of the Andromeda galaxy (M31), ~0.8 trillion solar masses. [344] [345] 10 62 1–2×10 62 J: Total mass–energy of the Virgo Supercluster including dark matter, the Supercluster which contains the Milky Way ...
In SI units, mass is measured in kilograms, speed in metres per second, and the resulting kinetic energy is in joules. For example, one would calculate the kinetic energy of an 80 kg mass (about 180 lbs) traveling at 18 metres per second (about 40 mph, or 65 km/h) as
The SI unit of volumetric heat capacity is joule per kelvin per cubic meter, J⋅K −1 ⋅m −3. The volumetric heat capacity can also be expressed as the specific heat capacity (heat capacity per unit of mass, in J⋅K −1 ⋅kg −1) times the density of the substance (in kg/L, or g/mL). [1] It is defined to serve as an intensive property.
The SI unit of molar heat capacity heat is joule per kelvin per mole (J/(K⋅mol), J/(K mol), J K −1 mol −1, etc.). Since an increment of temperature of one degree Celsius is the same as an increment of one kelvin, that is the same as joule per degree Celsius per mole (J/(°C⋅mol)). In chemistry, heat amounts are still often measured in ...