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The term proportional representation may be used to mean fair representation by population as applied to states, regions, etc. However, representation being proportional with respect solely to population size is not considered to make an electoral system "proportional" the way the term is usually used.
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered political parties, with each party being allocated a certain number of seats roughly proportional to their share of the vote.
Mixed-member proportional representation (MMP or MMPR) is a type of representation provided by some mixed electoral systems which combine local winner-take-all elections with a compensatory tier with party lists, in a way that produces proportional representation overall.
Proportional representation is the most widely used electoral system for national legislatures, with the parliaments of over eighty countries elected by a form of the system. Party-list proportional representation is the single most common electoral system and is used by 80 countries, and involves voters voting for a list of candidates proposed ...
Two-round party-list proportional representation with majority bonus system: Saint Helena: Legislative Council: Unicameral legislature Plurality block voting (12 seats) Attorney General (1 seat) Saint Martin: Territorial Council: Unicameral legislature Two-round party-list proportional representation with majority bonus system: Saint Pierre and ...
Open list describes any variant of party-list proportional representation where voters have at least some influence on the order in which a party's candidates are elected. . This is as opposed to closed list, in which party lists are in a predetermined, fixed order by the time of the election and gives the general voter no influence at all on the position of the candidates placed on the party l
An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.
Most commonly, party-list systems refer to party-list proportional representation, but there are other electoral systems using party-lists including the general ticket (party block voting) and mixed electoral systems. [2] Not only are not all party-list systems proportional, not all proportional systems are party-list systems.