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Lysosome. Centrosome. Cell membrane. A lysosome (/ ˈlaɪsəˌsoʊm /) is a single membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells. [1][2] They are spherical vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest many kinds of biomolecules. A lysosome has a specific composition, of both its membrane proteins and its lumenal proteins.
Endosomes are a collection of intracellular sorting organelles in eukaryotic cells. They are parts of the endocytic membrane transport pathway originating from the trans Golgi network. Molecules or ligands internalized from the plasma membrane can follow this pathway all the way to lysosomes for degradation or can be recycled back to the cell ...
LAMP1. Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1) also known as lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 and CD107a (C luster of D ifferentiation 107a), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAMP1 gene. The human LAMP1 gene is located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 13 at region 3, band 4 (13q34).
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs; / ˌlaɪsəˈsoʊməl /) are a group of over 70 rare inherited metabolic disorders that result from defects in lysosomal function. [1][2] Lysosomes are sacs of enzymes within cells that digest large molecules and pass the fragments on to other parts of the cell for recycling. This process requires several ...
Lysosomes are also single membrane organelles and can bind and bud off from the wider endomembrane system, just like spherosomes. In both plant and animal cells, lysosomes function very similarly, in that they contain numerous different types of hydrolytic enzymes that can break down basically anything the cells need destroyed or recycled. [ 6 ]
Autophagosome. The autophagic process is divided into five distinct stages: Initiation, phagophore nucleation, autophagosomal formation (elongation), autophagosome-lysosome fusion (autophagolysosome) and cargo degradation. [1] An autophagosome is a spherical structure with double layer membranes. [2] It is the key structure in macroautophagy ...
Lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17, muramidase, N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase; systematic name peptidoglycan N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase) is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals that forms part of the innate immune system. It is a glycoside hydrolase that catalyzes the following process: Hydrolysis of (1→4)-β-linkages between N -acetylmuramic ...
Autolysis (biology) In biology, autolysis, more commonly known as self-digestion, refers to the destruction of a cell through the action of its own enzymes. It may also refer to the digestion of an enzyme by another molecule of the same enzyme. The term derives from the Greek αὐτο- 'self' and λύσις 'splitting'.