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Some chemotherapeutic agents may not cause nausea and vomiting on their own, but may when used in combination with other agents. [6] Regimens that are linked to a high incidence (90% or higher) of nausea and vomiting are referred to as "highly emetogenic chemotherapy", and those causing a moderate incidence (30–90%) of nausea and vomiting are ...
Nausea and vomiting may have a number of causes in people with cancer. [7] While more than one cause may exist in the same person stimulating symptoms via more than one pathway, the actual cause of nausea and vomiting may be unknown in some people. The underlying causes of nausea and vomiting may in some cases not be directly related to the cancer.
Studies show that Mirtazapine is as equally effective in treating chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting as standard treatments; it is also cheaper and has fewer side effects than typical anti-emetics, and its antidepressant qualities may be an added benefit for cancer populations. [26]
The antiemetic medications can block the binding site on a chemoreceptor in the CTZ, so that the emetic agent cannot bind to it to cause its emetic effects. [6] Another way that antiemetic medications can work is by binding to a chemoreceptor in the CTZ, but instead of initiate vomiting, the medication can cause the receptors to send signals to ...
Nausea and vomiting are two of the most feared cancer treatment-related side-effects for people with cancer and their families. In 1983, Coates et al. found that people receiving chemotherapy ranked nausea and vomiting as the first and second most severe side-effects, respectively. [ 98 ]
Palonosetron (Aloxi) can be administered in an injection or in oral capsules. Dopamine antagonists block dopamine receptors on the brainstem and gastrointestinal tract. They are used to treat nausea and vomiting associated with cancer, radiation sickness, opioids, cytotoxic drugs and
Vomiting (the expulsion of gastric contents) is usually preceded by retching, but retching and vomiting can occur separately [6] and involve different sets of muscles. [7] During a retch, thoracic pressure is decreased and abdominal pressure is increased , which may serve to position gastric contents and overcome esophageal resistance. [ 6 ]
Nitrous oxide, as medical gas supply, is an inhaled gas used as pain medication, and is typically administered with 50% oxygen mix. It is often used together with other medications for anesthesia. [2] Common uses include during childbirth, following trauma, and as part of end-of-life care. [2]
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