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Aspiring conductors need to obtain a broad education about the history of music, including the major periods of classical music and regarding music theory. Many conductors learn to play a keyboard instrument such as the piano or the pipe organ , a skill that helps them to be able to analyze symphonies and try out their interpretations before ...
Cheironomy or chironomy is a form of music conducting, typically with choral music and choral groups , where the use of hand gestures directs musical performance. In the modern artform, conductors tend to hoist batons for indicating melodic curves and ornaments.
Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...
With; used in very many musical directions, for example con allegrezza (with liveliness), con calma (calmly lit. ' with calm '); (see also col and colla) con dolcezza See dolce con sordina or con sordine (plural) With a mute, or with mutes. Frequently seen in music as (incorrect Italian) con sordino, or con sordini (plural). concerto
Conductors view their gestures as the primary means to communicate musical ideas, whether or not they choose to use batons. Leonard Bernstein is quoted as saying, "If one [the conductor] uses a baton, the baton itself must be a living thing, charged with a kind of electricity, which makes it an instrument of meaning in its tiniest movement."
In classical electromagnetism electrons move in the opposite direction of the current I (by convention "current" describes a theoretical "hole flow"). In some metals and semiconductors it appears "holes" are actually flowing because the direction of the voltage is opposite to the derivation below. Hall effect measurement setup for electrons.
By convention, it's the direction from North to South magnetic pole. Then the second finger represents the direction of the induced or generated current within the conductor (from + to −, the terminal with lower electric potential to the terminal with higher electric potential, as in a voltage source)
This means that the direction of the back EMF of an induced field opposes the changing current that is its cause. D.J. Griffiths summarized it as follows: Nature abhors a change in flux. [7] If a change in the magnetic field of current i 1 induces another electric current, i 2, the direction of i 2 is opposite that of the change in i 1.