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Lenses sold in the US must pass the Food and Drug Administration ball-drop impact test, and depending on needed index these seem to currently have "best in class" Abbe vs Index ( N d): Glass (2× weight of plastics) or CR-39 (2 mm vs. 1.5 mm thickness typical on newer materials) 58 @ 1.5, Sola Spectralite (47 @ 1.53), Sola Finalite (43 @ 1.6 ...
Values of range from below 25 for very dense flint glasses, around 34 for polycarbonate plastics, up to 65 for common crown glasses, and 75 to 85 for some fluorite and phosphate crown glasses. Most of the human eye's wavelength sensitivity curve, shown here, is bracketed by the Abbe number reference wavelengths of 486.1 nm (blue) and 656.3 nm (red)
Standard refractive index measurements are taken at the "yellow doublet" sodium D line, with a wavelength (λ) of 589 nanometers. There are also weaker dependencies on temperature , pressure / stress , etc., as well on precise material compositions (presence of dopants , etc.); for many materials and typical conditions, however, these ...
For lenses (such as eye glasses), a lens made from a high refractive index material will be thinner, and hence lighter, than a conventional lens with a lower refractive index. Such lenses are generally more expensive to manufacture than conventional ones.
Oxide glasses fall into a range of n d from 1.4 to 2.0 and ν d from 20 to 90, with SiO 2 being the oxide glass with the highest contringency and lowest index. Fluoride glasses can go up to ν d >100 and nd<1.4, BeF 2 being the fluoride glass at the highest constringency and lowest index. Chalcogenide glasses have indexes exceeding 2, a large ...
The first commercial use of CR-39 monomer (ADC) was to help create glass-reinforced plastic fuel tanks for the B-17 bomber aircraft in World War II, reducing the weight and increasing the range of the bomber. After the war, the Armorlite Lens Company in California is credited with manufacturing the first CR-39 eyeglass lenses in 1947.
Flint glass is optical glass that has relatively high refractive index and low Abbe number (high dispersion). Flint glasses are arbitrarily defined as having an Abbe number of 50 to 55 or less. The currently known flint glasses have refractive indices ranging between 1.45 and 2.00. Traditionally, flint glasses were lead glasses containing ...
The lens of the eye is the most obvious example of gradient-index optics in nature. In the human eye, the refractive index of the lens varies from approximately 1.406 in the central layers down to 1.386 in less dense layers of the lens. [1]
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