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Automatic block signaling (ABS), spelled automatic block signalling or called track circuit block (TCB [1]) in the UK, is a railroad communications system that consists of a series of signals that divide a railway line into a series of sections, called blocks. The system controls the movement of trains between the blocks using automatic signals.
Under automatic block signalling, signals indicate whether or not a train may enter a block based on automatic train detection indicating whether a block is clear. The signals may also be controlled by a signalman, so that they only provide a proceed indication if the signalman sets the signal accordingly and the block is clear.
Automatic block signaling uses a series of automated signals, normally lights or flags, that change their display, or aspect, based on the movement of trains past a sensor. This is by far the most common type of block system as of 2018, [update] used in almost every type of railway from rapid transit systems to railway mainlines.
CBTC is a signalling standard defined by the IEEE 1474 standard. [1] The original version was introduced in 1999 and updated in 2004. [1] The aim was to create consistency and standardisation between digital railway signalling systems that allow for an increase in train capacity through what the standard defines as high-resolution train location determination. [1]
Automatic Block - Block aspects convey basic track occupancy information and advise the engineer (operator) which of the basic signal rules (common to all railroads) he/she is to follow in the operation of his/her train at any point on the railway line. These include Clear (ARA Rule 281, see Figure), Advance Approach and Approach (Rule 285 ...
Japanese-style ATC cab signalling indicator. Automatic train control (ATC) is a general class of train protection systems for railways that involves a speed control mechanism in response to external inputs. For example, a system could effect an emergency brake application if the driver does not react to a signal at danger.
This system provides train crews with information about the next signal indication, even if the signal mast is not visible. Automatic Train Stop, or ATS, systems provide wayside inductors that, when activated, alert the engineer that the train has passed a signal other than Clear and if the signal is not acknowledged the train's brakes will be ...
A railway signal is a visual display device that conveys instructions or provides warning of ... automatic signals have a white rectangular plate with a black ...