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The propane dehydrogenation process may be accomplished through different commercial technologies. The main differences between each of them concerns the catalyst employed, design of the reactor and strategies to achieve higher conversion rates. [1] Olefins are useful precursors to myriad products. Steam cracking is the core technology that ...
In steam cracking, a gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon feed like naphtha, LPG or ethane is diluted with steam and briefly heated in a furnace without the presence of oxygen. Typically, the reaction temperature is very high, at around 850 °C, but the reaction is only allowed to take place very briefly.
The ethane subsequently undergoes dehydrogenation to form ethylene (C 2 H 4). The yield of the desired C 2 products is reduced by non-selective reactions of methyl radicals with the surface and oxygen in the gas phase, which produce (undesirable) carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Ethene and oxygen are passed co-currently in a reaction tower at about 130 °C and 400 kPa. [27] The catalyst is an aqueous solution of PdCl 2 and CuCl 2 . The acetaldehyde is purified by extractive distillation followed by fractional distillation .
To convert from / to / ... Ethane: 5.562 0.0638 Ethanethiol: 11.39 0.08098 Ethanol: ... Oxygen: 1.382 0.03186 Ozone [2] 3.570 0.0487 Pentane:
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C 2 H 4 or H 2 C=CH 2. It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky " odour when pure. [ 7 ] It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds ).
The chlorohydrin process allows to reach 95% conversion of ethylene chlorohydrin. The yield of ethylene oxide is about 80% of the theoretical value; for 1 tonne (0.98 long tons; 1.1 short tons) of ethylene oxide, about 200 kg (440 lb) of ethylene dichloride is produced. [68]
Hydration is an important process in many other applications; one example is the production of Portland cement by the crosslinking of calcium oxides and silicates that is induced by water. Hydration is the process by which desiccants function. CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O is bright blue and has a rather different structure from its colourless anhydrous ...