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Automated manual transmissions can be semi-automatic or fully-automatic in operation. Several different systems to automate the clutch and/or shifting have been used over the years, but they will generally use one of the following methods of actuation for the clutch and/or shifting: hydraulic or electro-hydraulic actuation, [12] electro-mechanical, [13] pneumatic, [6] [14] [15] electromagnetic ...
A clutchless manual system, named the Autostick, was a semi-automatic transmission introduced by Volkswagen for the 1968 model year. Marketed as the Volkswagen Automatic Stickshift, a conventional three-speed manual transmission was connected to a vacuum-operated automatic clutch system. The top of the gear stick was designed to depress and ...
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle transmission system where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually ...
A transmission control unit (TCU), also known as a transmission control module (TCM), or a gearbox control unit (GCU), is a type of automotive ECU that is used to control electronic automatic transmissions. Similar systems are used in conjunction with various semi-automatic transmissions, purely for clutch automation and actuation.
In 1891, the French Panhard et Levassor automobile used a three-speed manual transmission and is considered to have set the template for multi-speed manual transmissions in motor vehicles. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] This transmission used a sliding-gear design without any form of speed synchronization, causing frequent grinding of the gear teeth during gear ...
ZF Friedrichshafen AG is a German technology manufacturing company that supplies systems, in particular transmissions for buses, passenger cars and SUVs, light commercial vehicles such as vans and light trucks, as well as all types of heavy and special vehicles. Basically there are two types of motor vehicle transmissions:
Engineered Software, Inc. is a software publisher and engineering products company based in Lacey, Washington founded in 1982. The company develops hydraulic analysis software specialized for piping system design based mainly on the Darcy-Weisbach equation, and centrifugal pump selection using the pump affinity rules. Industries served by these ...