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V-belts need larger pulleys for their thicker cross-section than flat belts. For high-power requirements, two or more V-belts can be joined side-by-side in an arrangement called a multi-V, running on matching multi-groove sheaves. This is known as a multiple-V-belt drive (or sometimes a "classical V-belt drive").
The most common type of CVT uses a V-belt which runs between two variable-diameter pulleys. [2] The pulleys consist of two cone-shaped halves that move together and apart. The V-belt runs between these two halves, so the effective diameter of the pulley is dependent on the distance between the two halves of the pulley.
Flat belt on a belt pulley Belt and pulley system Cone pulley driven from above by a line shaft. A belt and pulley system is characterized by two or more pulleys in common to a belt. This allows for mechanical power, torque, and speed to be transmitted across axles. If the pulleys are of differing diameters, a mechanical advantage is realized.
The distance between the drums is controlled by the engine vacuum in the inlet manifold and engine RPM, through centrifugal weights inside the drums. Between the two pulleys runs a drive belt. As a result of the change in the distance of the conical drums in both pulleys, the diameters and so also the reduction ratio changes continuously. [2]
The rope is threaded through the pulleys to provide mechanical advantage that amplifies the force applied to the rope. [4] Hero of Alexandria described cranes formed from assemblies of pulleys in the first century. Illustrated versions of Hero's Mechanica (a book on raising heavy weights) show early block and tackle systems. [5]
Additional and significant performance improvements can be seen by reducing the weight of the pulley versus the original pulley. Gains can range from 3 to 6 HP per pound of weight reduced. Poorly engineered underdrive pulleys can cause unwanted side effects; this is due to not spinning the alternator , power steering, and/or air conditioning ...