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The spacing effect demonstrates that learning is more effective when study sessions are spaced out. This effect shows that more information is encoded into long-term memory by spaced study sessions, also known as spaced repetition or spaced presentation, than by massed presentation ("cramming").
The retention and retrieval of information in memory requires the information to be firmly embedded within a neural network; which can be done so through traditional methods of repetition and connecting new information with old information. [12] The process of repetition facilitates the process within the brain of solidifying connections. [13]
The "desirable difficulty" is a principle based on a theory which suggests that people remember things better when their brains have to overcome minor obstacles to catch the information. For example, the font Sans forgetica is based on this principle, according to a small study. [4] [5] Pythagorean Method of Memorization
Learning theory (education) – Theory that describes how students receive, process, and retain knowledge during learning Constructivism (philosophy of education) – Theory of knowledge; Radical behaviorism – Term pioneered by B.F. Skinner; Instructional design – Process for design and development of learning resources
Distributed reinstatement theory postulates that it isn't the remoteness of the memories that spared them, but rather the repetition and recalling of those memories over the years that strengthened them. Distributed learning's effectiveness appears to rely more on one's working memory rather than one's ability to form long-term memories.
Rehearsal in educational psychology refers to the "cognitive process in which information is repeated over and over as a possible way of learning and remembering it". [1] There are two types of memory rehearsal. The first type is called maintenance rehearsal.
Spaced repetition with expanding intervals is believed to be so effective because with each expanded interval of repetition it becomes more difficult to retrieve the information because of the time elapsed between test periods; this creates a deeper level of processing of the learned information in long-term memory at each point.
The learning theories of John Dewey, Maria Montessori, and David A. Kolb serve as the foundation of the application of constructivist learning theory in the classroom. [40] Constructivism has many varieties such as active learning , discovery learning , and knowledge building , but all versions promote a student's free exploration within a ...