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Weight gain can also be caused by some steroid medications. These side-effects can frequently be reduced or eliminated with antiemetic drugs. Low-certainty evidence also suggests that probiotics may have a preventative and treatment effect of diarrhoea related to chemotherapy alone and with radiotherapy. [86]
Routinely, blood is drawn to monitor for adverse effects on the blood cells. Tiredness and breathlessness due to a drop in red blood cells – may require a blood transfusion; Blood clotting is affected due to a decrease in platelets. This may lead to nosebleeds or bleeding gums, especially after brushing the teeth.
A radiation dose of 52 Gy is sufficient to cause severe salivary dysfunction. Radiotherapy for oral cancers usually involves up to 70 Gy of radiation, often given along with chemotherapy which may also have a damaging effect on saliva production. [8] This side effect is a result of radiation damage of the parasympathetic nerves.
Gemcitabine is a chemotherapy drug that works by killing any cells that are dividing. [10] Cancer cells divide rapidly and so are targeted at higher rates by gemcitabine, but many essential cells also divide rapidly, including cells in skin, the scalp, the stomach lining, and bone marrow, resulting in adverse effects. [16]: 265
[12] [25] As with all chemotherapy, adverse effects are common, and many side effects have been documented. [17] [19] Because docetaxel is a cell-cycle-specific agent, it is cytotoxic to all dividing cells in the body. [26] This includes tumour cells as well as hair follicles, bone marrow and other germ cells.
Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment. [1] Treatments can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy including small-molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies, [2] and PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. [3]
Addition of platinum-based chemotherapy drugs to chemoradiation in women with early cervical cancer seems to improve survival and reduce risk of recurrence. [2] In total, these drugs can cause a combination of more than 40 specific side effects which include neurotoxicity, which is manifested by peripheral neuropathies including polyneuropathy. [3]
Common side effects include nausea and bone marrow suppression. [7] Other severe side effects may include anaphylaxis and the development of other cancers. [7] Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the fetus. [8] Melphalan belongs to the class of nitrogen mustard alkylating agents. [7] It works by interfering with the creation of DNA and ...