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Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei (/ ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l eɪ oʊ ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l eɪ /, US also / ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l iː oʊ-/; Italian: [ɡaliˈlɛːo ɡaliˈlɛːi]) or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian [a] astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath.
Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. Fire engines are used for the first time in England in order to control and extinguish a fire that breaks out at London Bridge, but not before 43 houses are destroyed. [2] March 1 – Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France, on behalf of Cardinal ...
The Galileo affair (Italian: il processo a Galileo Galilei) began around 1610, [1] and culminated with the trial and condemnation of Galileo Galilei by the Roman Catholic Inquisition in 1633. Galileo was prosecuted for holding as true the doctrine of heliocentrism , the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at ...
These events directly challenged the long-held notion of an immutable universe supported by Ptolemy and Aristotle, and led to major revolutions in astronomy and science. Galileo Galilei became a champion of the new sciences, invented the first thermometer and made substantial contributions in the fields of physics and astronomy , becoming a ...
The Discourses and Mathematical Demonstrations Relating to Two New Sciences (Italian: Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienze pronounced [diˈskorsi e ddimostratˈtsjoːni mateˈmaːtike inˈtorno a dˈduːe ˈnwɔːve ʃˈʃɛntse]) published in 1638 was Galileo Galilei's final book and a scientific testament covering much of his work in physics over the preceding ...
1583 – Galileo Galilei deduces the period relationship of a pendulum from observations (according to later biographer). 1586 – Simon Stevin demonstrates that two objects of different mass accelerate at the same rate when dropped. [2] 1589 – Galileo Galilei describes a hydrostatic balance for measuring specific gravity.
1609 — Galileo Galilei makes his own improved version of Lippershey's telescope, calling it a "perspicillum". 1611 — Greek mathematician Giovanni Demisiani coins the word " telescope " (from the Greek τῆλε , tele "far" and σκοπεῖν , skopein "to look or see"; τηλεσκόπος, teleskopos "far-seeing") for one of Galileo ...
January 7 – Galileo Galilei first observes the four large Galilean moons of Jupiter: Ganymede, Callisto, Europa and Io, although he is unable to distinguish the latter two until the following night.