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This is a timeline of French history, comprising important legal changes and political events in France and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of France. See also the list of Frankish kings, French monarchs, and presidents of France.
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei (/ ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l eɪ oʊ ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l eɪ /, US also / ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l iː oʊ-/; Italian: [ɡaliˈlɛːo ɡaliˈlɛːi]) or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian [a] astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath.
January 7 – Galileo Galilei first observes the four Galilean moons of Jupiter: Ganymede, Callisto, Europa and Io, but is unable to distinguish the latter two until the following day. February 24 – English courtier Thomas Roe sets out on an expedition to The Guianas and Amazon River .
Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. Fire engines are used for the first time in England in order to control and extinguish a fire that breaks out at London Bridge, but not before 43 houses are destroyed. [2] March 1 – Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France, on behalf of Cardinal ...
The Galileo affair (Italian: il processo a Galileo Galilei) began around 1610, [1] and culminated with the trial and condemnation of Galileo Galilei by the Roman Catholic Inquisition in 1633. Galileo was prosecuted for holding as true the doctrine of heliocentrism , the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at ...
Galileo Galilei has been called the "father of modern observational astronomy," [50] the "father of modern physics," [51] the "father of science," [52] and "the Father of Modern Science." [53] His original contributions to the science of motion were made through an innovative combination of experiment and mathematics. [54]
These events directly challenged the long-held notion of an immutable universe supported by Ptolemy and Aristotle, and led to major revolutions in astronomy and science. Galileo Galilei became a champion of the new sciences, invented the first thermometer and made substantial contributions in the fields of physics and astronomy , becoming a ...
1633: Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. 1633–1639: Japan transforms into "locked country". 1633: Daughters of Charity of St Vincent de Paul is formed. 1634: Battle of Nördlingen results in Catholic victory. 1634: Emperor Fasilides expels the Catholic Patriarch Afonso Mendes and several Jesuit missionaries ...