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To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot on Myers' 2000 edition of the hotspot map, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants (more than 0.5% of the world's total) as endemics, and it has to have lost at least 70% of its primary vegetation. [6] Globally, 36 zones qualify under this definition. [7]
The 17 countries identified as megadiverse by Conservation International. A megadiverse country is one of a group of nations that harbours the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species.
Biodiversity hotspots are chiefly tropical regions that feature high concentrations of endemic species and, when all hotspots are combined, may contain over half of the world's terrestrial species. [6] These hotspots are suffering from habitat loss and destruction.
Of the total 34 hotspots currently present, 16 of them are in tropical regions (as of 2006). [34] Researchers have noted in 2006 that only 2.3% of the world is covered with biodiversity loss hotspots, and even though only a small percentage of the world is covered in hotspots, it host a large fraction (50%) of vascular plant species. [35]
The hotspot presents a higher level of endemism in plants than in animals. Of the 7,031 vascular plants (species, subspecies or varieties) found in the hotspot, 2,153 taxa (in 25 genera) are endemic, meaning they are found nowhere else. [7] About 80,000 km 2, or 24.7% of the original vegetation remains in relatively pristine conditions today.
Wilcox's definition was "Biological diversity is the variety of life forms...at all levels of biological systems (i.e., molecular, organismic, population, species and ecosystem)...". [14] A publication by Wilcox in 1984: Biodiversity can be defined genetically as the diversity of alleles, genes and organisms.
Invest in improved sensors to monitor and measure the environment, analyzing that data to find hotspots for emissions, reduce traffic congestion and mitigate associated air and water pollution. Make it safe for pedestrians and cyclists to to navigate city centers via dedicated lanes and busways.
There are two types of processes that can lead to habitat fragmentation. There are exogenous processes and endogenous processes. Endogenous is a process that develops as a part of species biology so they typically include changes in biology, behavior, and interactions within or between species.