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Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) is a disorder characterised by the age-related deterioration of the cervical spinal cord. [1] Referred to be a range of different but related terms, a global consensus process selected Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy as the new overarching disease term . [ 2 ]
Identify the level of the spinal cord where myelopathy is located. This is especially useful in cases where more than two lesions may be responsible for the clinical symptoms and signs, such as in patients with two or more cervical disc hernias [11] Follow-up the progression of myelopathy in time, for example before and after cervical spine surgery
Cervical myelopathy [6] most commonly due to mechanical compression of the spinal cord in the neck as occurs in spondylotic cervical spinal stenosis but also seen in other spinal cord disease including post-traumatic tetraplegia. This finding of weak finger adduction in cervical myelopathy is also called the "finger escape sign". [7]
Myelomalacia is a pathological term referring to the softening of the spinal cord. [1] Possible causes of myelomalacia include cervical myelopathy, hemorrhagic infarction, or acute injury, such as that caused by intervertebral disc extrusion.
[7] [8] Irradiation of the cervical spine may also evoke it as an early delayed radiation injury, which occurs within 4 months of radiation therapy. [citation needed] Delayed onset Lhermitte's sign has been reported following head and/or neck trauma.
In cervical spondylosis, a patient may be presented with dull neck pain with neck stiffness in the initial stages of the disease. As the disease progresses, symptoms related to radiculopathy (due to compression of exiting spinal nerve by narrowed intervertebral foramen) or myelopathy (due to compression on the spinal cord) can occur. [2]
Cervical canal stenosis may lead to myelopathy, a serious condition causing symptoms including major body weakness and paralysis. [14] Such severe spinal stenosis symptoms are virtually absent in lumbar stenosis , however, as the spinal cord terminates at the top end of the adult lumbar spine, with only nerve roots ( cauda equina ) continuing ...
It results in occipital pain and myelopathy. [5] Occipito-cervical junction This disorder may result from rheumatoid arthritis, causing the hypermobility of the connection between the neck and head, resulting in paralysis or pain. [6] Cerebrovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease is a type of cervical spine disorder that can cause tetraplegia ...