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Christmas Island, officially the Territory of Christmas Island, is an Australian external territory in the Indian Ocean comprising the island of the same name. It is located approximately 350 kilometres (190 nautical miles) south of Java and Sumatra and about 1,550 km (840 nmi) north-west of the closest point on the Australian mainland .
Kiritimati (Gilbertese pronunciation: [kiˈrɪsmæs]), also known as Christmas Island, is a Pacific Ocean atoll in the northern Line Islands. It is part of the Republic of Kiribati. The name is derived from the English word "Christmas" written in Gilbertese according to its phonology, in which the combination ti is pronounced /s/.
1900 monograph featuring three Christmas Island reptiles: (from left to right) Lister's gecko, Christmas Island forest skink, blue-tailed skink.. Christmas Island had five native lizard species at the time of human settlement, although the Christmas Island forest skink (Emoia nativitatis) is now considered extinct, [2] and the blue-tailed skink (Cryptoblepharus egeriae) and Lister's gecko ...
Christmas Island was uninhabited until the end of the nineteenth century. The island possesses no large native, terrestrial mammals and the endemic mammal fauna of the island has been largely destroyed by the introduction of exotic species such as cats, dogs and black rats (Rattus rattus). [7]
The commonly occurring native species do not fall into any of these categories. (A) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Christmas Island (I) Introduced - a species introduced to Christmas Island as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions (E) Endemic - a species that is native only to Christmas Island
Christmas Island National Park is a national park occupying most of Christmas Island, an Australian territory in the Indian Ocean southwest of Indonesia. [1] The park is home to many species of animal and plant life, including the eponymous Christmas Island red crab, whose annual migration sees around 100 million crabs move to the sea to spawn.
The Christmas Island pipistrelle was endemic to the island until 2009, when the last individual was recorded. In 2016, the species was assessed as extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. [6] The remaining native bat species Pteropus natalis (Christmas Island flying fox) is classified as critically endangered. [7]
Kiritimati (previously Christmas Island) in the Line Islands has the largest land area of any atoll in the world. Based on a 1995 realignment of the International Date Line, the Line Islands were the first area to enter into a new year, including the year 2000. For that reason, Caroline Island was renamed Millennium Island in 1997. [111]