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It was established in 1983 as the Commission on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. [3] [4] In 1995, the mandate of the Commission was extended to cover all components of biodiversity for food and agriculture and its name was changed to its current version. [5] Its membership comprises 179 countries and the European Union.
In 2009, the Food and Agriculture Organization projected that global food production must increase by 70% by 2050 to feed an estimated world population of 9 billion people. [9] Meeting the demands of 2050 is further challenged by shrinking arable land , decreasing natural resources , and climate change .
The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture [2] (also known as ITPGRFA, International Seed Treaty or Plant Treaty [3]) is a comprehensive international agreement in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity, which aims at guaranteeing food security through the conservation, exchange and sustainable use of the world's plant genetic resources for food ...
The Alliance was founded by the Rome-based food agencies – the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), [37] UN World Food Programme (WFP), [38] International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), [39] – and Bioversity International.
Plants require specific temperatures to grow and develop properly. Temperature can be controlled through a variety of methods. Covering plants with plastic in the form of cones called hot caps, or tunnels, can help to manipulate the surrounding temperature. Mulching is also an effective method to protect outdoor plants from frost during the winter.
The International Society for Plant Pathology is a global nonprofit institution dedicated to “promoting world-wide plant health and food security.” [1] [2] It was founded in 1968 and the first President of the society was the pioneer British plant pathologist, Ronald Karslake Starr Wood. [3]
By contrast, plants constantly produce new tissues and structures throughout their life from meristems [5] located at the tips of organs, or between mature tissues. Thus, a living plant always has embryonic tissues. The properties of organisation seen in a plant are emergent properties which are more than the sum of the individual parts. "The ...
Food biodiversity is "the diversity of plants, animals and other organisms used for food, covering the genetic resources within species, between species and provided by ecosystems." [ 15 ] Historically at least 6,000 plant species and numerous animal species have been used as human food.