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“This is a second-generation antihistamine, which is less sedating than the first-generation antihistamines like Benadryl,” says Shaan Waqar, MD, an allergist and immunologist with ENT and ...
The most common adverse effects noted for second-generation agents include drowsiness, fatigue, headache, nausea and dry mouth. [4] Continuous and/or cumulative use of anticholinergic medications, including first-generation antihistamines, is associated with higher risk for cognitive decline and dementia in older people. [8] [9]
First-generation antihistamines usually last around 4–6 hours whilst second-generation antihistamines work for 12–24 hours. [7] Third generation antihistamines are metabolites of the second-generation antihistamines but without cardiac toxicity. [8] Indications and route of administration
Diphenhydramine, sold under the brand name Benadryl among others, is an antihistamine and sedative. It is a first-generation H 1-antihistamine and it works by blocking certain effects of histamine, which produces its antihistamine and sedative effects. [11] [2] Diphenhydramine is also a potent anticholinergic. [12]
Older people are more likely to experience drowsiness from antihistamine use than younger people. [1] Continuous and/or cumulative use of anticholinergic medications, including first-generation antihistamines, is associated with higher risk for cognitive decline and dementia in older people. [31] [32]
It is a first-generation antihistamine in the piperazine family of chemicals. [8] [4] Common side effects include sleepiness, headache, and dry mouth. [8] [9] Serious side effects may include QT prolongation. [9] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [8]
Cyproheptadine, sold under the brand name Periactin among others, is a first-generation antihistamine with additional anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, and local anesthetic properties. It was patented in 1959 and came into medical use in 1961. [ 5 ]
Clemastine, also known as meclastin, is a first-generation H1 histamine antagonist (antihistamine) with anticholinergic properties (drying) and sedative side effects. [1] Like all first-generation antihistamines, it is sedating. [2] [3] Patented in 1960, it came into medical use in 1967. [4]