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The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia (117,551 according to the 1930 census) was virtually annihilated. Many Jews emigrated after 1939; approximately 78,000 were killed. By 1945, some 14,000 Jews remained alive in the Czech lands. [5] Approximately 144,000 Jews were sent to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Most inmates were Czech Jews.
From 1522 to 1541, the Jewish population of Prague almost doubled; many Jewish refugees, who had been expelled from Moravia, Germany, Austria, and Spain, came to Prague. [2] During the Habsburg reign, however, the Jewish people were expelled twice - in 1542 and 1561, [ 3 ] the community strengthening on each return.
Most Jews lived in large cities such as Prague (35,403 Jews, who made up 4.2% of the population), Brno (11,103, 4.2%), and Ostrava (6,865, 5.5%). [ 17 ] Antisemitism in the Czech lands was less prevalent than elsewhere, and was strongly opposed by the national founder and first president, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850–1937), [ 18 ] [ 19 ...
Mordecai Meisel, philanthropist and communal leader at Prague [77] Karol Sidon, playwright, chief rabbi of Prague, and Convert to Judaism; Salomon Weisz, cantor & Bar Mitzvah teacher in Znojmo and Trebic, cantor of Moravia and Bar Mitzvah teacher in Prague from 1946 to 1968.
Jews in Swoboda's Army in the Soviet Union – Czechoslovak Jews fighting the Nazis during the World War II. – (Czech: Židé v československé Svobodově armádě) Toronto 1979, samizdat (Charta 77), Prague 1981, Prague 1990; Hebrew, Jerusalem 1977; English: Jews in Svoboda's army in the Soviet Union, Jerusalem, London, New York 1987 ...
Prague Jewish organizations were shut down or taken over by the Gestapo. [51] In the first week after the annexation there was a wave of suicides among Jews, 30–40 reported each day in Prague. [52] [53] A wave of arrests targeted thousands of left-wing activists and German refugees. More than a thousand were deported to concentration camps in ...
The Jewish community of the city numbered 4,500 in 1869 and expanded to its peak of 18,000 in 1940, 13 percent of the population. Many Jews in the city spoke Hungarian and considered themselves of Hungarian nationality. In 1918, Bratislava was included in the new country of Czechoslovakia. [2]
Prague: unknown The Jewish quarter of Prague was looted and many Jews were killed. The pogrom seems to have taken place early in 1421, as sources relate that it happened soon after the battle of Vysehrad which ended on November 1, 1420. [1] Lipany 1434 Killing of Surrendered Hussite Soldiers: 1434, May 30 Lipany: about 700