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In computer operating systems, memory paging (or swapping on some Unix-like systems) is a memory management scheme by which a computer stores and retrieves data from secondary storage [a] for use in main memory. [1] In this scheme, the operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called pages.
In computing, resident set size (RSS) is the portion of memory (measured in kilobytes) occupied by a process that is held in main memory ().The rest of the occupied memory exists in the swap space or file system, either because some parts of the occupied memory were paged out, or because some parts of the executable were never loaded.
A system with a smaller page size uses more pages, requiring a page table that occupies more space. For example, if a 2 32 virtual address space is mapped to 4 KiB (2 12 bytes) pages, the number of virtual pages is 2 20 = (2 32 / 2 12). However, if the page size is increased to 32 KiB (2 15 bytes), only 2 17 pages are required. A multi-level ...
For some processors, a mode can be enabled with a fifth table, the 512-entry page-map level 5 table; this means that 57 bits of virtual page number are translated, giving a virtual address space of up to 128 PB. [10]: 141–153 In the page table entries, in the original specification, 40 bits of physical page number are implemented.
(For example, if a computer has 2 GB (1024 3 B) of RAM and a 1 GB page file, the operating system has 3 GB total memory available to it.) When the system runs low on physical memory, it can " swap " portions of RAM to the paging file to make room for new data, as well as to read previously swapped information back into RAM.
Bank switching is a technique used in computer design to increase the amount of usable memory beyond the amount directly addressable by the processor [1] instructions. It can be used to configure a system differently at different times; for example, a ROM required to start a system from diskette could be switched out when no longer needed.
1) the mounted space of ramfs is theorically infinite, as ramfs will grow if needed, which can easily cause system lockup or crash for using up all available memory, or start heavy swapping to free up more memory for the ramfs. For this reason limiting the size of a ramfs area can be recommendable. 2) tmpfs is backed by the computer's swap space
Very often, when referring to the word size of a modern computer, one is also describing the size of address space on that computer. For instance, a computer said to be "32-bit" also usually allows 32-bit memory addresses; a byte-addressable 32-bit computer can address 2 32 = 4,294,967,296 bytes of memory, or 4 gibibytes (GiB). This allows one ...