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  2. Bonaire National Marine Park - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonaire_National_Marine_Park

    The park was established in 1979 and covers 2700 hectares (6700 acres) and includes a coral reef, seagrass, and mangrove vegetation. [2] [3] The Lac Bay lagoon is also part of the underwater park. In 1999, the underwater park received the status of national park from the Netherlands Antilles.

  3. Aquarius Reef Base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarius_Reef_Base

    Aquarius is located under 20 m (66 ft) of water at the base of a coral reef within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, an ideal site for studying the health of sensitive coral reefs. The laboratory is most often used by marine biologists for whom Aquarius acts as home base as they study the coral reef, the fish and aquatic plants that ...

  4. Coral reef - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_reef

    A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. [1] Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups. Coral belongs to the class Anthozoa in the animal phylum Cnidaria, which includes sea anemones and ...

  5. Leiopathes glaberrima - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiopathes_glaberrima

    White "black coral". Gooseneck barnacles are attached to a branch in the lower right center. In the deep waters off Malta in the Mediterranean Sea, Leiopathes glaberrima is the dominant species in what have been called "coral gardens", where it is associated with other scleractinian corals, gorgonians and zoanthids. The areas are characterised ...

  6. Black coral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_coral

    Despite its name, a black coral is rarely black, and depending on the species can be white, red, green, yellow, or brown. The corals derive their name from their black skeletons, which are composed of protein and chitin. [3] Black corals are also known as thorn corals due to the microscopic spines lining their skeletons. [4]

  7. Deep-water coral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep-water_coral

    Deep-water coral Paragorgia arborea and a Coryphaenoides fish at a depth of 1,255 m (4,117 ft) on the Davidson Seamount. The habitat of deep-water corals, also known as cold-water corals, extends to deeper, darker parts of the oceans than tropical corals, ranging from near the surface to the abyss, beyond 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) where water temperatures may be as cold as 4 °C (39 °F).

  8. National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Marine_Sanctuary...

    Big Momma with a diver in the background. Also known as Big Mama and Fale Bommie, [19] Big Momma is the biggest known coral on Earth. [20] It is located in the Valley of Giants in the National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa. [21] It is 21-foot (6.4 m) tall, and its circumference is 134 feet (41 m). It is over 500 years old.

  9. Tubbataha Reef - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubbataha_Reef

    The site is an excellent example of a pristine coral reef with a spectacular 100-m perpendicular wall, extensive lagoons and two coral islands. [3] In 1999, Ramsar listed Tubbataha as one of the wetlands of international importance. [4] In 2008, the reef was nominated at New7Wonders of Nature. [5]