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Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a cannabinoid found in cannabis. [9] It is the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis and one of at least 113 total cannabinoids identified on the plant.
Dronabinol (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name), sold under the brand names Marinol and Syndros, is the generic name for the molecule of (−)-trans-Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the pharmaceutical context.
In Phase III trials, the most common adverse effects were dizziness, drowsiness and disorientation; 12% of subjects stopped taking the drug because of the side effects. [57] Dronabinol (brand names Marinol and Syndros) is a delta-9-THC containing drug for treating HIV/AIDS-induced anorexia and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. [58]
The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol, and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.
Safety studies of cannabidiol showed it is well tolerated, but may cause fatigue, somnolence, sedation, diarrhea, or changes in appetite as common adverse effects, with the most common being somnolence and sedation. Side effects of CBD are dose related. [51]
Since it has a longer side chain, its cannabinoid effects are "far higher than Δ 9-THC itself." Tetrahydrocannabiphorol has a reported binding affinity of 1.2 nM at CB 1, approximately 33 times that of Δ 9-THC (40 nM at CB 1). [4] THCP was studied by Roger Adams as early as 1942. [5]
Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA, 2-COOH-THC; conjugate base tetrahydrocannabinolate) is a precursor of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), an active component of cannabis. [1]THCA is found in variable quantities in fresh, undried cannabis, but is progressively decarboxylated to THC with drying, and especially under intense heating such as when cannabis is smoked or cooked into cannabis edibles.
Cannabis edibles contain both delta 9 THC, which is responsible for the psychotropic properties of feeling relaxed and euphoric, and CBD, which may have effects without the psychoactive properties. [25] Such effects may include analgesia, decreased inflammation, decreased spasticity, and anti-seizure effects. [26]