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The Wijs solution, iodine monochloride dissolved in acetic acid, is used to determine the iodine value of a substance. It can also be used to prepare iodates, by reaction with a chlorate. Chlorine is released as a byproduct. Iodine monochloride is a Lewis acid that forms 1:1 adducts with Lewis bases such as dimethylacetamide and benzene.
Iodine trichloride, which exists in the solid state as the planar dimer I 2 Cl 6, is a bright yellow solid, synthesised by reacting iodine with liquid chlorine at −80 °C; caution is necessary during purification because it easily dissociates to iodine monochloride and chlorine and hence can act as a strong chlorinating agent.
Iodine monochloride. The interhalogens of form XY have physical properties intermediate between those of the two parent halogens. The covalent bond between the two atoms has some ionic character, the less electronegative halogen, X, being oxidised and having a partial positive charge.
These iodine compounds are hypervalent because the iodine atom formally contains in its valence shell more than the 8 electrons required for the octet rule. Hypervalent iodine oxyanions are known for oxidation states +1, +3, +5, and +7; organic analogues of these moieties are known for each oxidation state except +7.
This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond. For example, in the molecules represented by CH 3 X, where X is a halide, the carbon-X bonds have strengths, or bond dissociation energies, of 115, 83.7, 72.1, and 57.6 kcal/mol for X = fluoride, chloride, bromide, and iodide, respectively. [2]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 9 January 2025. This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I) Iodine, 53 I Iodine Pronunciation / ˈ aɪ ə d aɪ n, - d ɪ n, - d iː n / (EYE -ə-dyne, -din, -deen) Appearance lustrous metallic gray solid, black ...
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In 1898 he described the addition of iodine monochloride to the double bond in alkenes to give chloro-iodo alkanes. This reaction was later named the Wijs-Hanuš method, and the reagent that Wijs used in his demonstration, namely iodine monochloride in glacial acetic acid, the Wijs reagent. [3]