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  2. String interning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interning

    Objects other than strings can be interned. For example, in Java, when primitive values are boxed into a wrapper object, certain values (any boolean, any byte, any char from 0 to 127, and any short or int between −128 and 127) are interned, and any two boxing conversions of one of these values are guaranteed to result in the same object. [6]

  3. Immutable object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immutable_object

    Both Java and the .NET Framework have mutable versions of string. In Java [5]: 84 these are StringBuffer and StringBuilder (mutable versions of Java String) and in .NET this is StringBuilder (mutable version of .Net String). Python 3 has a mutable string (bytes) variant, named bytearray. [6]

  4. Double-checked locking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-checked_locking

    In software engineering, double-checked locking (also known as "double-checked locking optimization" [1]) is a software design pattern used to reduce the overhead of acquiring a lock by testing the locking criterion (the "lock hint") before acquiring the lock. Locking occurs only if the locking criterion check indicates that locking is required.

  5. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Python supports a wide variety of string operations. Strings in Python are immutable, so a string operation such as a substitution of characters, that in other programming languages might alter the string in place, returns a new string in Python. Performance considerations sometimes push for using special techniques in programs that modify ...

  6. Flyweight pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyweight_pattern

    Text editors, such as LibreOffice Writer, often use the flyweight pattern.. In computer programming, the flyweight software design pattern refers to an object that minimizes memory usage by sharing some of its data with other similar objects.

  7. Test-and-set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-and-set

    volatile int lock = 0; void critical {// Spin lock: loop forever until we get the lock; we know the lock was // successfully obtained after exiting this while loop because the // test_and_set() function locks the lock and returns the previous lock // value. If the previous lock value was 1 then the lock was **already** // locked by another ...

  8. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    A class diagram exemplifying the singleton pattern.. In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance.

  9. Variable shadowing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_shadowing

    public class Shadow {private int myIntVar = 0; public void shadowTheVar {// Since it has the same name as above object instance field, it shadows above // field inside this method. int myIntVar = 5; // If we simply refer to 'myIntVar' the one of this method is found // (shadowing a second one with the same name) System. out. println (myIntVar); // prints 5 // If we want to refer to the ...