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The common view is that the Islamic prophet Muhammad had three sons, named Abd Allah, Ibrahim, and Qasim, and four daughters, named Fatima, Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum, and Zaynab. The children of Muhammad are said to have been born to his first wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, except his son Ibrahim, who was born to Maria al-Qibtiyya.
Fatima bint Muhammad (Arabic: فَاطِمَة بِنْت مُحَمَّد, romanized: Fāṭima bint Muḥammad; 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fatima al-Zahra' (Arabic: فَاطِمَة ٱلزَّهْرَاء, romanized: Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. [1]
Fatima (Arabic: فَاطِمَة, Fāṭimah), also spelled Fatimah, is a feminine given name of Arabic origin used throughout the Muslim world. Several relatives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad had the name, including his daughter Fatima as the most famous one. The literal meaning of the name is one who separates or one who abstains.
Fatima (605/15-632 CE) was daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and wife to his cousin Ali, the fourth of the Rashidun caliphs and the first Shia Imam. [1] Fatima has been compared to Mary, mother of Jesus, especially in Shia Islam. [2] [3] Muhammad is said to have regarded her as the best of women [4] [5] and the dearest person to him. [6]
[1]: 27 [2]: 11–12, 163 Muhammad said, "If I had ten daughters, I would marry them all to Uthman." [1]: 26 Uthman was known as Dhu al-Nurayn ("the possessor of the two lights") because it was believed that no other man had ever been married to two daughters of a prophet. [7]: 369
Umm Kulthum was the fourth child of Fatima and Ali ibn Abi Talib, and their youngest daughter. [1] The former was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the latter was his cousin. Ali is also recognized as the fourth Rashidun caliph (r. 656–661) and the first Shia imam.
Fatima married Muhammad's cousin Ali in 1 or 2 AH (623-5 CE), [9] [10] possibly after the Battle of Badr. [11] There is evidence in Sunni and Shia sources that some of the companions, including Abu Bakr and Umar, had earlier asked for Fatima's hand in marriage but were turned down by Muhammad, [12] [10] [13] who said he was waiting for the moment fixed by destiny. [14]
Ruqayya bint Muhammad (Arabic: رقية بنت محمد, romanized: Ruqayya bint Muḥammad; c. 601 –March 624) was the second eldest daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija. She married the third caliph Uthman and the couple had a son Abd Allah .