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  2. Desmos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmos

    The name Desmos came from the Greek word δεσμός which means a bond or a tie. [6] In May 2022, Amplify acquired the Desmos curriculum and teacher.desmos.com. Some 50 employees joined Amplify. Desmos Studio was spun off as a separate public benefit corporation focused on building calculator products and other math tools. [7]

  3. Jacobi elliptic functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobi_elliptic_functions

    The fundamental rectangle in the complex plane of . There are twelve Jacobi elliptic functions denoted by ⁡ (,), where and are any of the letters , , , and . (Functions of the form ⁡ (,) are trivially set to unity for notational completeness.) is the argument, and is the parameter, both of which may be complex.

  4. Haversine formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haversine_formula

    The haversine formula determines the great-circle distance between two points on a sphere given their longitudes and latitudes.Important in navigation, it is a special case of a more general formula in spherical trigonometry, the law of haversines, that relates the sides and angles of spherical triangles.

  5. Lambert W function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_W_function

    The product logarithm Lambert W function plotted in the complex plane from −2 − 2i to 2 + 2i The graph of y = W(x) for real x < 6 and y > −4. The upper branch (blue) with y ≥ −1 is the graph of the function W 0 (principal branch), the lower branch (magenta) with y ≤ −1 is the graph of the function W −1. The minimum value of x is ...

  6. Euler spiral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_spiral

    Euler's spiral is a type of superspiral that has the property of a monotonic curvature function. [4] The Euler spiral has applications to diffraction computations. They are also widely used in railway and highway engineering to design transition curves between straight and curved sections of railways or roads.

  7. Osculating circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osculating_circle

    The circle with center at Q and with radius R is called the osculating circle to the curve γ at the point P. If C is a regular space curve then the osculating circle is defined in a similar way, using the principal normal vector N. It lies in the osculating plane, the plane spanned by the tangent and principal normal vectors T and N at the ...

  8. Dirac delta function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_delta_function

    The delta function was introduced by physicist Paul Dirac, and has since been applied routinely in physics and engineering to model point masses and instantaneous impulses. It is called the delta function because it is a continuous analogue of the Kronecker delta function, which is usually defined on a discrete domain and takes values 0 and 1.

  9. Lemniscate elliptic functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemniscate_elliptic_functions

    This number is a quartic analog of the = 3.141592..., ratio of perimeter to diameter of a circle. As complex functions, sl and cl have a square period lattice (a multiple of the Gaussian integers) with fundamental periods {(+), ()}, [4] and are a special case of two Jacobi elliptic functions on that lattice, ⁡ = ⁡ (;), ⁡ = ⁡ (;).