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P/B ratio. The price-to-book ratio, or P/B ratio, (also PBR) is a financial ratio used to compare a company's current market value to its book value (where book value is the value of all assets minus liabilities owned by a company). The calculation can be performed in two ways, but the result should be the same.
Overview. In its simplest form, a capitalization table, or "cap table" as it is often abbreviated, is a ledger that tracks the equity ownership of a company's shareholders: that is, how its capitalization is composed. However, the term can refer to the way in which any company keeps track of all of the relevant information related to all of its ...
The equity ratio is a financial ratio indicating the relative proportion of equity used to finance a company's assets. The two components are often taken from the firm's balance sheet or statement of financial position (so-called book value), but the ratio may also be calculated using market values for both, if the company's equities are publicly traded.
Valuation using multiples. In economics, valuation using multiples, or "relative valuation", is a process that consists of: identifying comparable assets (the peer group) and obtaining market values for these assets. converting these market values into standardized values relative to a key statistic, since the absolute prices cannot be compared.
Return on capital. Return on capital (ROC), or return on invested capital (ROIC), is a ratio used in finance, valuation and accounting, as a measure of the profitability and value-creating potential of companies relative to the amount of capital invested by shareholders and other debtholders. [1] It indicates how effective a company is at ...
The balance sheet, in this case, would be prepared showing market value (rather than book value) of assets and liabilities. The first accounts of economic capital date back to the ancient Phoenicians , who took rudimentary tallies of frequency and severity of illnesses among rural farmers to gain an intuition of expected losses in productivity.
Although it is not the direct equivalent of Tobin's q, it has become common practice in the finance literature to calculate the ratio by comparing the market value of a company's equity and liabilities with its corresponding book values, as the replacement values of a company's assets is hard to estimate:
Book value. In accounting, book value is the value of an asset [1] according to its balance sheet account balance. For assets, the value is based on the original cost of the asset less any depreciation, amortization or impairment costs made against the asset. Traditionally, a company's book value is its total assets [clarification needed] minus ...