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  2. Advanced Encryption Standard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard

    10 rounds for 128-bit keys. 12 rounds for 192-bit keys. 14 rounds for 256-bit keys. Each round consists of several processing steps, including one that depends on the encryption key itself. A set of reverse rounds are applied to transform ciphertext back into the original plaintext using the same encryption key.

  3. Key size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_size

    In cryptography, key size or key length refers to the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher).. Key length defines the upper-bound on an algorithm's security (i.e. a logarithmic measure of the fastest known attack against an algorithm), because the security of all algorithms can be violated by brute-force attacks.

  4. Serpent (cipher) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpent_(cipher)

    The Serpent key schedule consists of 3 main stages. In the first stage the key is initialized by adding padding if necessary. This is done in order to make short keys map to long keys of 256-bits, one "1" bit is appended to the end of the short key followed by "0" bits until the short key is mapped to a long key length.

  5. 256-bit computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/256-bit_computing

    256 bits is a common key size for symmetric ciphers in cryptography, such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Increasing the word size can accelerate multiple precision mathematical libraries. Applications include cryptography .

  6. Twofish - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twofish

    One half of an n-bit key is used as the actual encryption key and the other half of the n-bit key is used to modify the encryption algorithm (key-dependent S-boxes). Twofish borrows some elements from other designs; for example, the pseudo-Hadamard transform [3] (PHT) from the SAFER family of ciphers.

  7. Salsa20 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salsa20

    The core function maps a 256-bit key, a 64-bit nonce, and a 64-bit counter to a 512-bit block of the key stream (a Salsa version with a 128-bit key also exists). This gives Salsa20 and ChaCha the unusual advantage that the user can efficiently seek to any position in the key stream in constant time.

  8. RSA (cryptosystem) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem)

    RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) is a public-key cryptosystem, one of the oldest widely used for secure data transmission.The initialism "RSA" comes from the surnames of Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman, who publicly described the algorithm in 1977.

  9. AES implementations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AES_implementations

    IronKey Uses AES 128-bit and 256-bit CBC-mode hardware encryption; KeePass Password Safe; LastPass [7] Linux kernel's Crypto API, now exposed to userspace; NetLib Encryptionizer supports AES 128/256 in CBC, ECB and CTR modes for file and folder encryption on the Windows platform. Pidgin (software), has a plugin that allows for AES Encryption